- 「原發性失眠」(Primary Insomnia)，指不是由現有身體或精神情況、或服用藥物的影響下而出現的失眠。
- 「非原發性失眠」( Secondary Insomnia)，是由現有的身體或精神疾病、其他睡眠障礙、因藥物或濫藥所引起的失眠，其中可分為由心理問題或身體疾病所引致4。
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A. 心理問題：焦慮、憂鬱、緊張多是失眠的主因，如患有抑鬱症、精神分裂、躁鬱症等病症，多數也伴隨失眠。
B. 身體疾病：頭痛、胃痛、關節痛等痛楚會令患者痛得難以入睡，或半夜痛醒。呼吸道疾病、消化不良、睡眠窒息症等，也有機會因呼吸困難或身體不適而令患者失眠。 - 飲用含有酒精4、咖啡因的飲料會令人尿頻、心律加快，很可能會影響睡眠質素5。
- 曾服用或長期服用某些哮喘、心臟和降血壓藥物、治療鼻塞、或抑鬱症的藥物等6。
- 房間太熱或太冷、太多噪音、過於光亮等環境因素7。
- 不良睡眠習慣，例如睡前仍使用電子產品、睡前太飽或太餓、不規律睡眠習慣4。
[1]Insomnia. Hospital Authority.
https://www3.ha.org.hk/cph/imh/mhi/article_01_05_chi.asp
Accessed on 14 February 2020
[2]What is Insomnia? National Sleep Foundation:
https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/what-insomnia
Accessed on 26 February 2020
[3]Insomnia. American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
https://aasm.org/resources/factsheets/insomnia.pdf
Accessed on 14 February 2020
[4]What Causes Insomnia National Sleep Foundation.
https://www.sleepfoundation.org/insomnia/what-causes-insomnia
Accessed on 26 February 2020
[5]Caffeine and Sleep . National Sleep Foundation:
https://www.sleepfoundation.org/articles/caffeine-and-sleep
Accessed on 14 February 2020
[6]Oral Sleeping Medicines. Department of Health.
https://www.drugoffice.gov.hk/eps/do/tc/consumer/news_informations/dm_07.html
Accessed on 14 February 2020
[7]Insomnia – Symptoms & Causes. American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
http://sleepeducation.org/essentials-in-sleep/insomnia/symptoms-causes
Accessed on 14 February 2020
[8]Lack of Sleep Increases Your Risk of Some Cancers. National Sleep Foundation.
https://www.sleepfoundation.org/articles/lack-sleep-increases-your-risk-some-cancers
Accessed on 26 February 2020
[9]Sleep and Heart Disease: Are You at Risk National Sleep Foundation.
https://www.sleepfoundation.org/articles/sleep-and-heart-disease-are-you-risk
Accessed on 26 February 2020
[10]香港大學心理學系睡眠研究- 失眠的影響
https://www.psychology.hku.hk/sleep/SleepEducation/OtherSleepProblems.html
Accessed on 14 February 2020